“Normal Science, the activity in which most scientists inevitably spend almost all of their time, is predicated on the assumption that the scientific community knows what the world is like. Much of the success of the enterprise derives from the community’s willingness to defend that assumption, if necessary at considerable cost. Normal Science, for example, often suppresses fundamental novelties because they are necessarily subversive of its basic commitments” (Kuhn, 1996, p. 5)

https://www.simplypsychology.org/Kuhn-Paradigm.html

some examples of paradigm shifts : SCIENTIFIC revolutions in 17th century, The Renaissance Revolution in Philology, the Darwinian revolution in biology or the Chomskyan or Saussurean revolutions in linguistics.

Madagascar from Radama’s era, preceded by Andrianampoinimeria, experienced a true paradigm shift defined by his openessness to innovations and foreigns counselling as well as sciences. We are not only talking European but mostly Ombiasy who became formally present at court. Though he left Sorabe writings he kept his curiosity in other culturs and willingness to discover new horizons (or conquer).

back to Tranovola. I sincerly didn’t car much. same as in natural science stuffs we are all used to. I had no idea there could be a possibility this historical reference in architecture could disappear not only physically from back during 1996 fire but also its traces in our History and technical landscape. it was a harsh 48 hours and I guess we haven’t seen the end of it.

back to Kuhn’s.